Rao, K.R. (ed.), Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology. 402 pp., Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Rao, K.R. The composition of egg capsules of the pulmonate land snail, Ariophanta ligulata (Ferussac). Curr. Sci., 32:213-214 (1963).
Rao, K.R. The polysaccharides of the reproductive system of the land snail, Ariophanta ligulata in the formation of egg capsules. J. Anim. Morphol. Physiol., 10:158-163 (1963).
Nagabhushanam, R., and K.R. Rao. The responses of the black chromatophores of the prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros to light and temperature. J. Anim. Morphol. Physiol., 11:158-163 (1963).
Nagabhushanam, R., and K.R. Rao. The comparative physiology of crustacean pigmentary effectors XIII: The dual control of white chromatophores in the crab, Ocypode platytarsis. Amer. Zool., 4:422 (1964).
Nagabhushanam, R., and K.R. Rao. Studies on the moult cycle of the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Proc. Symp. Crustacea, Marine Biol. Ass., India (1965).
Rao, K.R. Isolation and partial characterization of the moult-inhibiting hormone of the crustacean eyestalk. Experientia, 21:593 (1965).
Rao, K.R. Studies on the influence of environmental factors on growth in the crab, Ocypode macrocera, H. Milne Edwards. Crustaceana, 11:257-276 (1966).
Rao, K.R. A comparative study of chromatic adaptation and chromatophorotropins in brachyuran Crustacea. Naturwissenschaften, 54:26 (1967).
Rao, K.R. Responses of the crustacean larval chromatophores to light and endocrines. Experientia, 23:231 (1967).
Rao, K.R. Studies on the differentiation of crustacean chromatophorotropins. J. Anim. Morphol. Physiol., 14:152 (1967).
Rao, K.R., C.K. Bartell and M. Fingerman. Relationship between the response of melanophores in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, and the concentration of eyestalk extract. Z. Vergl. Physiol., 56:232-236 (1967).
Rao, K.R., and R. Nagabhushanam. The responses of the white chromatophores of the crab, Uca annulipes (H. Milne Edwards), to light and temperature. Crustaceana, 13:155-160 (1967).
Nagabhushanam, R., and K.R. Rao. The endocrine control of white chromatophores in the crab, Uca annulipes (H. Milne Edwards). Crustaceana, 13:292-298 (1967).
Rao, K.R. Studies on the differentiation of chromatophorotropins of the crab, Ocypode macrocera, H. Milne Edwards. Physiol. Zool., 40:361-370 (1967).
Fingerman, M., K.R. Rao, and C.K. Bartell. Is there a physiological limit to the response of melanophores in Uca to the melanin-dispersing hormone? Biol Bull., 133:448 (1967).
Rao, K.R., M. Fingerman and C.K. Bartell. Hormones controlling the white chromatophores of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Biol. Bull., 133:448-449 (1967).
Bartell, C.K., K.R. Rao, and M. Fingerman. An analysis of the melanin-dispersing activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of eyestalks from the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, by means of gel filtration and ultra-centrifugation. Biol. Bull., 133:458 (1967).
Rao, K.R., C.K. Bartell, and M. Fingerman. Effect of organic solvents on the melanin- dispersing activity of eyestalks from the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Biol. Bull., 133:479-480 (1967).
Fingerman, M., K.R. Rao, and C.K. Bartell. A proposed uniform method of reporting response values for crustacean chromatophorotropins: the Standard Integrated Response. Experientia, 23:962 (1967).
Rao, K.R. The pericardial sacs of Ocypode with relation to water conservation, molting and behavior. Amer. Zool., 7:768 (1967).
Rao, K.R., M. Fingerman and C.K. Bartell. Physiology of the white chromatophores in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Biol. Bull., 133:606-617 (1967).
Rao, K.R., Studies on the mechanism of response of the chromatosomes of the crab, Ocypode macrocera to chromatophorotropins. Zool. Jb. Physiol., 73:321-335 (1967).
Rao, K.R. Chromatophorotropins in the nerve ring and optic tentacles of the pulmonate gastropod, Oncidium verraculatum. Proc. Symp. Mollusca, Abstr., 48-49, Marine Biol. Ass. India (1968).
Rao, K.R. Studies on the rhythms of pigment migration in the chromatosomes of the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Broteria, Ser., Ciencias Naturais, 37:3-12 (1968).
Rao, K.R. Chromatophorotropic activities of the aqueous extracts of the different portions of the nervous system of the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Broteria, Ser., Ciencias Naturais, 37:59-70 (1968).
Rao, K.R., C.K. Bartell, and M. Fingerman. Solubility and stability properties of the melanin-dispersing substances from the eyestalks of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Z. Vergl. Physiol., 60:1-13 (1968).
Rao, K.R. Chromatophorotropins in the eyestalk and brain of the hermit crab, Diogenes bicristimanus. Curr. Sci., 37:498 (1968).
Rao, K.R. Pericardial sacs of Ocypode with relation to conservation of water, molting and behavior. Amer. Zool. 8:561-567 (1968).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Local variations of pigmentary patterns and chromatophoric responses of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Biol. Bull., 135:408 (1968).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman, A comparative analysis of the control of the white chromatophores in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, from Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and Panacea, Florida. Biol. Bull., 135:432 (1968).
Rao, K.R. Variations in the chromatophorotropins and adaptive colour changes during the life history of the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Zool. Jb. Physiol., 74:274-291 (1968).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. A comparative study of the action of extracts of the eyestalks from Uca pugilator and Palaemonetes vulgaris on the white chromatophores of the crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool. 8:756-757 (1968).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Dimorphic variants of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator and their chromatophore responses. Proc. Louisiana Acad. Sci., 31:27-39 (1968).
Rao, K.R. Influence of prolonged adaptation to a background upon the chromatophorotropins and physiological responses of the chromatophores in the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 12:574-585 (1969).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. Physiology of the brown-black chromatophores of the stomatopod crustacean, Squilla empusa. Physiol. Zool., 43:138-147 (1969).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. The influence of size on the response of melanophores in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Z. Verg. Physiol., 62:86-92 (1969).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. Restoration of a rhythm of melanophoric pigment dispersion in eyestalkless fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, at a low temperature. Crustaceana, 17:97-105 (1969).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. A comparative study of the leucophore-activating substances from the eyestalks of two crustaceans, Palaemonetes vulgaris and Uca Pugilator. Biol. Bull., 136:200-215 (1969).
Rao, K.R. The effects of temperature on the responses of chromatophores in the crab, Ocypode macrocera. Z. Vergl. Physiol., 65:233-241 (1969).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Action of biogenic amines on crustacean chromatophores: I. Differential effect of certain indolealkylamines on the melanophores of the crabs, Uca pugilator and Carcinus maenas. Experientia, 26:383- 384 (1970).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Action of biogenic amines on crustacean chromatophores. II. Analysis of the responses of erythrophores in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, to indolealkylamines and an eyestalk hormone. Comp. Gen. Pharmacol., 1:117-126 (1970).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Chromatophorotropic activity of extracts of radial nerves from the starfish, Asterias amurensis. Z. Vergl. Physiol., 62:133-128 (1970).
Rao, K.R. Studies on the chromatophorotropic principles in the nerve ring and optic tentacles of the pulmonate gastropod, Oncidium verraculatum. Proc. International Symposium on Mollusca, Parts 2 & 3: 607-615 (1970).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. Action of biogenic amines on crustacean chromatophores, III. Antagonism by LSD of the effect of 5-HT on color changes in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Comp. Gen. Pharmacology, 1:341-348 (1970).
Fingerman, M., and K.R. Rao. Analysis of the color changes evoked by serotonin and LSD in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Biol. Bull., 139:407 (1970).
Rao, K.R., D.R. Fielder, and M. Fingerman. Isolation and purification of the melanin- dispersing substances in the eyestalks of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool., 10:495 (1970).
Rao, K.R., D.R. Fielder, and M. Fingerman. Effect of oxidation and reduction on the biological activity of the melanin-dispersing substances from the eyestalks of the crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool., 10:495-496 (1970).
Bartell, C.K., K.R. Rao, and M. Fingerman. Comparison of the melanin-dispersing fractions in the extracts prepared initially in ethanol, saline or distilled water from the eyestalks of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 38A:17-36 (1971).
Fielder, D.R., K.R. Rao, and M. Fingerman. A female-limited lipoprotein and the diversity of hemocyanin components in the dimorphic variants of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, as revealed by disc electrophoresis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 39B:291-297 (1971).
Fielder, D.R., K.R. Rao, and M. Fingerman. Control of retinal pigment migration in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Marine Biol., 9:219-223 (1971).
Rao, K.R., M. Fingerman, and C. Hays. Effects of α-ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone on limb regeneration and molting in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool., 11:106 (1971).
Rao, K.R., M. Fingerman, and C. Hays. Comparison of the abilities of α-ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone to induce precocious proecdysis and ecdysis in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Z. Vergl. Physiol., 76:270-284 (1972).
Rao, K.R., C.J. Mohrherr, D. Reinschmidt and M. Fingerman. Proecdysial staging and associated events in the molt cycle of the crayfish, Faxonella clypeata. Amer. Zool. 12:690 (1972).
Rao, K.R., S.W. Fingerman, and M. Fingerman. Effects of exogenous ecdysones on the molt cycles of fourth and fifth stage American lobsters, Homarus americanus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 44A:1105-1120 (1973).
Rao, K.R., and R.B. Hackett. Studies on the physiological specificity of a synthetic crustacean chromatophorotropin. Amer. Zool. 13:1276 (1973).
Rao, K.R. Crustacean color changes induced by drug-hormone interactions. Amer. Zool. 14:1246 (1974).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Action of biogenic amines on crustacean chromatophores, IV. Analysis of the synergistic erythrophoric pigment dispersion evoked by 5-hydroxytryptamine and lysergic acid diethylamide in the dwarf crayfish, Cambarellus shufeldti. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 51C:53-58 (1975).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Color changes induced by certain indole alkaloids in the fiddler crab, Uca. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 51C:59-62 (1975).
Rao, K.R., and M.J. Inkel Jr. Hormonal control of molting in ovigerous Palaemonetes pugio. Florida Scientist, 38, suppl. 1:10 (1975).
Rao, K.R. Overviews on marine pollution in India. Proc. Intern. Symposium Marine Pollution Research, pp. 54-59, Center for Wetland Resources, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (1976).
Hackett, R.B., and K.R. Rao. Endocrine control of color changes in the isopod crustacean Ligia olfersii. Amer. Zool., 16:199 (1976).
Rao, K.R., C.J. Mohrherr, D. Reinschmidt, and M. Fingerman. Gastrolith growth during proecdysis in the crayfish, Faxonella clypeata. Crustaceana, 32:256-265 (1977).
Fox, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Properties of a calcium-activated ATPase of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Amer. Zool., 17:879 (1977).
Rao, K.R. Effects of ecdysterone, inokosterone and eyestalk ablation on limb regeneration in the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. J. Exper. Zool., 203: 257-270 (1978).
Cantelmo, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Effects of pentachlorophenol on the meiobenthic nematodes in an experimental system. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology," pp. 165-174, Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Conklin, P.J., and K.R. Rao. Toxicity of sodium pentachlorophenate to the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, in relation to the molt cycle. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology," pp. 181-192, Plenum Press, New york (1978).
Rao, K.R., P.J. Conklin, and A.C. Brannon. Inhibition of limb regeneration in the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, by sodium pentachlorophenate. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology," pp. 193-203, Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Ultrastructural changes induced by sodium pentachlorophenate in the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, in relation to the molt cycle. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology," pp. 213-250, Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Cantelmo, A.C., P.J. Conklin, F.R. Fox, and K.R. Rao. Effects of sodium pentachlorophenate and 2,4-dinitrophenol on respiration in crustaceans. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology," pp. 251-264, Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Fox, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Effects of sodium pentachlorophenate on hepatopan-creatic enzymes in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. In, "Pentachlorophenol: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology", pp. 265-276, Plenum Press, New York (1978).
Rao, K.R., and A.C. Brannon. Color changes induced by peptide derivatives of lysergic acid in the fiddler crab, Uca panacea. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 59C:97-100 (1978).
Cantelmo, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Effects of pentachlorophenol on the establishment of meiobenthic communities in an experimental system. Marine Biol., 46:17-22 (1978).
Fox, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Characteristics of a Ca activated ATPase from the hepatopancreas of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 59B: 327-331 (1978).
Cantelmo, A.C., and K.R. Rao. The effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and 2, 4- dinitrophenol (DNP) on the oxygen consumption of tissues from the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, under different osmotic conditions. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 60C:215-219 (1978).
Conklin, P.J., and K.R. Rao. Toxicity of sodium pentachlorophenate to the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, at different stages of the molt cycle. Bull. Env. Contam. Toxicol., 20:275-279 (1978).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Temporary ciliary structures in the branchial exocrine dermal glands of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Amer. Zool., 18:633 (1978).
Rao, K.R., F.R. Fox, P.J. Conklin, A.C. Cantelmo, and A.C. Brannon. Physiological and biochemical evaluation of the toxicity of pentachlorophenol to crustaceans. In, "Marine Pollution: Functional Responses," (W.B. Vernberg, F.R. Thurberg, A. Calabrese, and F.J. Vernberg, eds.) pp. 307-340. Academic Press, New York (1979).
Brannon, A.C., and K.R. Rao. Barium, strontium and calcium levels in the exoskeleton, hepatopancreas and abdominal muscle of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio: relation to molting and exposure to barite. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 63A:261-274 (1979).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Ultrastructure of an exocrine dermal gland in the gills of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio: occurrence of transitory ciliary axonemes associated with the sloughing and reformation of the ductule. J. Morphol., 161: 281 - 308 (1979).
Cantelmo, F.R., M.E. Tagatz, and K.R. Rao. Effects of barite on meiofauna in an experimental flow-through system. Mar. Environ. Res., 2:301-310 (1979).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Comparative ultrastructure of three types of tegumental glands in the gills of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Amer. Zool., 19:890 (1979).
Quackenbush, L.S., and K.R. Rao. Effects of cyclic nucleotides and A23187 on the chromatophores of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool. 19:917 (1979).
Conklin, P.J., D.G. Doughtie, and K.R. Rao. Effects of barite and used drilling muds on crustaceans, with particular reference to the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. In, "Proceedings of the Symposium: Research on Environmental Fate and Effects of Drilling Fluids and Cuttings," vol. 2:912-943, Courtesy Associates, Washington, D.C. (1980).
Landau, M., and K.R. Rao. Toxic and sublethal effects of precocene II on the early developmental stages of the brine shrimp, Artemia salina (L.) and the barnacle, Balanus eburneus Gould. Crustaceana, 39:218-221 (1980).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. The syncytial nature and phagocytic activity of the branchial podocytes in the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Tissue and Cell, 13:93-104 (1981).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Ciliary structures in the branchial unicellular glands of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. Experientia, 37:502-503 (1981).
Rao, K.R., F.R. Fox, P.J. Conklin and A.C. Cantelmo. Comparative toxicology and pharmacology of chlorophenols: studies on the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. In, "Biological Monitoring of Marine Pollutants," (J. Vernberg, A. Calabrese, F.P. Thurberg, and W.B. Vernberg, eds.), pp. 37-72. Academic Press, New York (1981).
Powers, E.A., and K.R. Rao. An in vitro culture of guppy chromatophores. Amer. Zool., 21:1010 (1981).
Ray, M.J., K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. Digestive enzymes of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. Amer. Zool., 21:1028 (1981).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Rosette glands in the gills of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. I. Comparative morphology, cyclical activity and innervation. J. Morphol., 171:41-67 (1982).
Doughtie, D.G. and K.R. Rao. Rosette glands in the gills of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. II. Premolt ductule reformation: replacement of ciliary processes by cytoplasmic processes in relation to gland maturation. J. Morphol., 171:69-77 (1982).
Conklin, P.J., and K.R. Rao. Effects of two dithiocarbamates on the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio: molt-related toxicity and inhibition of limb regeneration. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 11:431-435 (1982).
Riehm, J.P., and K.R. Rao. Structure-activity relationships of a pigment-dispersing crustacean neurohormone. Peptides, 3:643-647 (1982).
Fox, F.R., and K.R. Rao. Accumulation, tissue distribution, and depuration of benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(a)anthracene in the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. In, "Proceedings of the Symposium: Carcinogens in the Marine Environment," pp. 336-349. EPA-600/9-82-013 (1982).
Rao, K.R., D.G. Doughtie, and P.J. Conklin. Physiological and histopathological evaluation of dithiocarbamate toxicity to the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. In, "Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms" (W.B. Vernberg, A. Calabrese, F.P. Thurberg, and F.J. Vernberg, eds.), pp. 413-445, Academic Press, New York (1982).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Ultrastructural and histological study of degenerative changes leading to black gills in grass shrimp exposed to a dithiocarbamate biocide. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 41:33-50 (1983).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Ultrastructural and histological study of degenerative changes in the antennal glands, hepatopancreas, and midgut of grass shrimp exposed to two dithiocarbamate biocides. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 41:281 300 (1983).
Conklin, P.J., D. Drysdale, D.G. Doughtie, K.R. Rao, J.P. Kakareka, T.R. Gilbert, and R.F. Shokes. Comparative toxicity of drilling muds: role of chromium and petroleum hydrocarbons. Marine Env. Res., 10:105-125 (1983).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Introduction to symposium: Chromatophores and Color changes. Amer. Zool., 23:463 (1983).
Rao, K.R., and M. Fingerman. Regulation of release and mode of action of crustacean chromatophorotropins. Amer. Zool., 23:517-528 (1983).
Greenberg, M.J., K.R. Rao, H.K. Lehman, D.A. Price, and K.E. Doble. Clam ganglia contain peptides having crustacean red pigment concentrating activity. Amer. Zool., 23:950 (1983).
Rao, K.R., D.G. Doughtie, P.A. Robinson, and J.P. Riehm. Effects of synthetic Pandalus DRPH on the ommatidial pigmentary effectors in Palaemonetes pugio. Amer. Zool., 23:951 (1983).
Rao, K.R., O.J. Semmes, R.M. Sattelberg, and J.P. Riehm. Physiological specificity and structure-activity relationships of crustacean chromatophorotropins. Proceedings of XIIth International Pigment Cell Conference, p. 189. University of Giessen Press (1983).
Jaffe, H., K.R. Rao, D.K. Hayes, and S. Garvick. Reverse-phase HPLC of crustacean chromatophorotropins from insect nervous tissue. Paper #221, Third International Symposium on HPLC of Proteins, Peptides, and Polynucleotides. Monte Carlo, Monaco (1983).
Doughtie, D.G., P.J. Conklin, and K.R. Rao. Cuticular lesions in grass shrimp exposed to hexavalent chromium. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 42:249-258 (1983).
Rao, K.R., and D.G. Doughtie. Histopathological changes in grass shrimp exposed to chromium, pentachlorophenol, and dithiocarbamates. Marine Environ. Res., 14:371-395 (1984).
Doughtie, D.G., and K.R. Rao. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the antennal glands, midgut, hepatopancreas, and gills of grass shrimp following exposure to hexavalent chromium. J. Invertebrate Pathol., 43:89-108 (1984).
Doughtie, D.G. and K.R. Rao. Ultrastructure of the eyes of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio: General morphology, and light and dark adaptation at noon. Cell Tissue Res., 238:271-288 (1984).
Semmes, O.J., J.P. Riehm, and K.R. Rao. Substitution of norleucine for methionine residues in Pandalus light-adapting/pigment-dispersing hormone. Amer. Zool., 24:53A (1984).
Conklin, P.J. and K.R. Rao. Comparative toxicity of offshore and oil-added drilling muds to larvae of the grass shrimp Palaemonetes intermedius. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 13:685-690 (1984).
Powers, E.A., and K.R. Rao. Mitotic and pigment-translocating activities of cultured chromatophores of the guppy, Lebistes reticulatus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 78C:21-29. (1984).
Rao, K.R., P.J. Conklin, and D.G. Doughtie. Physiological and histopathological evaluation of the toxicity of hexavalent chromium to the grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio. In: Marine Pollution and Physiology: Recent Progress (F.J. Vernberg, F.P. Thurberg, A. Calabrese, and W.B. Vernberg, eds). The Belle W. Baruch Library in Marine Science, No. 13, pp. 199-227. Univ. South Carolina Press (1985).
Rao, K.R. Pigmentary Effectors. In "The Biology of Crustacea," Vol. 9 (D.E. Bliss and L.H. Mantel, eds.), pp. 395-462, Academic Press, New York (1985).
Hadley, M.E., Mieyr, J.H., B. Martin, J.L. Upton, A.M.D.L. Castrucci, V.J. Hruby, T.K. Sawyer, E.A. Powers, and K.R. Rao. Nle4, D-Phe7 -α- MSH: A melanotropin with superagonist and prolonged action on vertebrate chromatophores. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 81A:1-6 (1985).
Greenberg, M.J., K.R. Rao, H.K. Lehman, D.A. Price, and K.E. Doble. Cross-phyletic bioactivity of arthropod neurohormones and molluscan ganglion extracts: evidence of an extended peptide family. J. Exp. Zool., 233:337-346 (1985).
Rao, K.R., J.P. Riehm, C.A. Zahnow, L.H.Kleinholz, G.E. Tarr, L. Johnson, S. Norton, M. Landau, O.J. Semmes, R.M. Sattelberg, W.H. Jorenby, and M.F. Hintz. Characterization of a pigment-dispersing hormone in eyestalks of the fiddler crab, Uca pugilator. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., U.S.A., 82:5319-5322 (1985).
Semmes, O.J., J.P. Riehm, and K.R. Rao. Substitution of norleucine for methionine residues in a crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone. Peptides, 6:491-494 (1985).
Mohrherr, C.J. and K. R. Rao. Crustacean chromatophorotropic factors from the cricket, Acheta. Amer. Zool., 25:83A (1985).
Zahnow, C.A. and K.R. Rao. Verification of the major form of pigment-dispersing hormone in the eyestalks of Uca pugilator. Amer. Zool., 25:102A (1985).
Riehm, J.P. and K. R. Rao. C-terminal deletion analogs of a crustacean pigment- dispersing hormone. Amer. Zool., 25:102A (1985).
Riehm, J.P., K.R. Rao, O.J. Semmes, W.H. Jorenby, M.F. Hintz, and C.A. Zahnow. C-Terminal deletion analogs of a crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone. Peptides, 6:1051-1056 (1985).
Rao, K.R. and P.J. Conklin. Molt-related susceptibility and regenerative limb growth as sensitive indicators of aquatic pollutant toxicity to crustaceans. In "Indian Ocean - Biology of Benthic Marine Organisms" (M.F. Thompson, R. Sarojini, and R. Nagabhushanam, eds.), pp. 523-534. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi (1986).
Kleinholz, L.H., K.R. Rao, J.P. Riehm, G.E. Tarr, L. Johnson, and S. Norton. Isolation and sequence analysis of a pigment-dispersing hormone from eyestalks of the crab, Cancer magister. Biol. Bull., 170:135-143 (1986).
Rao, K.R., C.J. Mohrherr, C.A. Zahnow, and J.P. Riehm. Isolation and partial sequence analysis of an analog of crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) from the cricket, Acheta. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 12:244 (1986).
Mohrherr, C.J., and K.R. Rao. Differentiation of chromatophorotropic factors in the central nervous system of the cricket, Acheta domesticus. Amer. Zool., 26:28A (1986).
Rao, K.R., C.J. Mohrherr, and J.P. Riehm. Characterization of a pigment-dispersing factor from the lubber grasshopper, Romalea microptera. Amer. Zool., 26:55A (1986).
Riehm, J.P., and K.R. Rao. Tyrosinated analogs of a crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone. Amer. Zool., 26:55A (1986).
Rao, K.R., C.J. Mohrherr, J.P. Riehm, C.A. Zahnow, S. Norton, L. Johnson, and G.E. Tarr. Primary structure of an analog of crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone from the lubber grasshopper, Romalea microptera. J. Biol. Chem., 262:2672-2675 (1987).
Riehm, J.P., and K.R. Rao. Synthesis and assay of tyrosinated analogs of a crustacean pigment-dispersing hormone. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res., 29:415-420 (1987).
Jorenby, W.H., J.P. Riehm, and K.R. Rao. Position 3 analogues of a crustacean pigment- dispersing hormone: Synthesis and assay. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 143:652-657 (1987).
Mangerich, I., R. Keller, H. Dircksen, K. R. Rao, and J. P. Riehm. Localization of pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) and coexistence with FMRFamide immunoreactivity in the eyestalks of two decapod crustaceans. Cell Tissue Res., 250: 365-375 (1987).
Dircksen, H., C.A. Zahnow, G. Gaus, R. Keller, K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. The ultrastructure of nerve endings containing pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) in crustacean sinus glands: Identification by an antiserum against a synthetic PDH. Cell Tissue Res., 250: 377-387 (1987).
Touart, L. W., and K. R. Rao. Influence of diflubenzuron on survival, molting, and limb regeneration in the grass shrimp, Palemonetes pugio. In "Pollution Physiology of Estuarine Organisms," The Belle Baruch Library in Marine Science, Number 17 (W. B. Vernberg, A. Calabrese, F. P. Thurberg, and F. J. Vernberg, eds.), pp. 333-350. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC (1987).
Hruby, V. J., B. C. Wilkes, M. E. Hadley, F. Al-Obeidi, T. K. Sawyer, D. J. Staples, A. E. deVaux, O. Dym, A. M. D. L. Castrucci, M. F. Hintz, J. P. Riehm, and K. R. Rao. α-Melanotropin: The minimal active sequence in the frog skin bioassay. J. Med. Chem., 30: 2126-2130 (1987).
Zahnow, C. A., K. R. Rao, C. J. Mohrherr, and J. P. Riehm. Immunocytochemistry of neuropeptides in the cephalic neuroendocrine system of the lubber grasshopper, Romalea microptera. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 13: 993 (1987).
Mohrherr, C. J., K. R. Rao, and J. P. Riehm. Erythrophorotropic activity of the AKH/RPCH peptide family in the dwarf crayfish, Cambarellus shufeldti. Amer. Zool., 27:70A (1987).
Phillips, J. M., C. A. Zahnow, and K. R. Rao. An immunocytochemical study of the eyestalk of Penaeus aztecus utilizing antisera for synthetic β-PDH and FMRF- amide. Amer. Zool., 27:69A (1987).
Rao, K. R. and J. P. Riehm. Pigment-dispersing hormones: a novel family of neuropeptides from arthropods. Peptides 9, Suppl. 1:153-159 (1988).
Rao, K.R. and J.P. Riehm. Chemistry of crustacean chromatophorotropins. In "Advances in Pigment Cell Research" (J.R. Bagnara, ed.), pp. 407-422, Alan R. Liss Inc., New York (1988).
Jaffe, H., A.K. Raina,, B.A. Fraser,, P. Keim, K.R. Rao, Y.-S. Zhang, J.L. Lancaster, and D.K. Hayes. Isolation of two neuropeptides in the AKH/RPCH family from horseflies (Diptera). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 151:656-663 (1988).
Rao, K.R. and J.P. Riehm. Purification, sequence analysis, and chemical synthesis of a crustacean neuropeptide hormone. In "Marine Biodeterioration: Advanced Techniques Applicable to the Indian Ocean" (M.F. Thompson, R. Sarojini, and R. Nagabhushanam, eds.), pp. 99-108. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi (1988).
Rao, K.R. Endocrine Systems (invited review of the book: "Endocrinology of Selected Invertebrate Types," H. Laufer and R.G.H. Downer). Science, 240:1680 (1988).
Phillips, J.M., K.R. Rao, J.P. Riehm, and W.T. Morgan. Isolation and characterization of a pigment-dispersing hormone from the shrimp, Penaeus aztecus. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 14:534 (1988).
Bonomelli, S.L., K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. Development and application of an ELISA for crustacean α-PDH. Amer. Zool., 28:117A (1988).
McCallum, M.L., K.R. Rao, J.P. Riehm, C.J. Mohrherr, and W.T. Morgan. Isolation of a β-PDH analog from the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Amer. Zool., 28:117A (1988).
Castrucci, A.M.L., M.E. Hadley, T.K. Sawyer, B.C. Wilkes, F. Al-Obeidi, D.J. Staples, A.E. De Vaux, O. Dym, M.F. Hintz, J.P. Riehm, K.R. Rao, and V.J. Hruby. α-Melanotropin: The minimal active sequence in the lizard skin bioassay. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 73:157-163 (1989).
Kingan, T.G., G.B. Teplow, J.G. Hildebrand, E.H. Hanneman, K.R. Rao, A.E. Kammer, I. Jardine, and D.F. Hunt. Characterization of a new peptide in the FMRFamide family from the CNS of the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 15:26 (1989).
Rao, K.R., L.H. Kleinholz, and J.P. Riehm. Characterization of three forms of pigment- dispersing hormone from the shrimp, Pandalus jordani. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 15:367 (1989).
Rao, K.R. and J.P. Riehm. The pigment-dispersing hormone family: chemistry, structure-activity relations, and distribution. Biol. Bull., 177:225-229 (1989).
Hintz, M.F., J.P. Riehm, and K.R. Rao. Synthesis and assay of structural intermediates of crustacean pigment-dispersing hormones (α- and β-PDH). Invertebrate Reproduction Develop. 16:27-31 (1989).
Bonomelli, S.L., K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. Preparation and evaluation of an antiserum for crustacean α-PDH. Amer. Zool., 29:49A (1989).
McCallum, M.L., K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. A comparison of the effects of two pigment- dispersing hormones on the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Amer. Zool., 29:48A (1989).
Rao, K.R., and J.P. Riehm. Pigment-dispersing peptide from insects. Intern. Chem. Congress Pacific Basin Societies, Part 1:Agro 01,#88 (1989).
Mohrherr, C. J., K. R. Rao, J. P. Riehm, and W. T. Morgan. Isolation of β-PDH from sinus glands of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Amer. Zool., 30:28A (1990).
Phillips, J. M., D. L. Fox, S. Bonomelli, K. R. Rao, and J. P. Riehm. Immunocytochemical studies of the distribution of α- and β-PDH in Callinectes and Pandalus. Amer. Zool., 30:28A (1990).
Kingan, T. G., D. B. Teplow, J. M. Phillips, J. P. Riehm, K. R. Rao, J. G. Hildebrand, U. Homberg, A. E. Kammer, I. Jardine, P. R. Griffin, and D. F. Hunt. A new peptide in the FMRFamide family isolated from the CNS of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. Peptides 11:849-856, (1990).
Jaffe, H., J. B. O'Neil, P. L. Hallberg, T. Kingan, G. Barbour, M. Lawson, L. D. Kwart, M. R. Ruff, C. B. Pert, and K. R. Rao. Isolation and identification of a peptide from rat brain which inhibits [3H] TCP binding. Int. J. Biochem., 22:239-245 (1990).
O'Neil, J. B., H. Jaffe, P. L. Hallberg, J. M. Buzy, T. Kingan, G. Barbour, M. Lawson, L. D. Kwart, M. R. Ruff, C. B. Pert, and K. R. Rao. Identification of a domain in cytochrome C that displaces [3H] TCP binding from rat brain membrane receptors: synthesis of β-neuroprotectin. Int. J. Biochem., 22:335-339 (1990).
Würden, S., U. Homberg, H. Dircksen, and K. R. Rao. Comparative morphology of PDH-immunoreactive neurons in the brain of orthopteroid insects. In "Brain- Perception-Cognition" (N. Elsevier, G. Roth, eds), p. 316, Thieme, Stuttgart (1990).
Rao, K. R. Biochemistry of crustacean neuropeptides; implications for reproduction. In "Advances in Invertebrate Reproduction" (M. Hoshi, and O. Yamashita, eds.), pp. 223-228. Elsevier Science Publishers (1990).
Rao, K. R., and J. P. Riehm. Crustacean pigment-dispersing hormones: chemistry, distribution, and immunodetection. XIVth International Pigment Cell Conference, Kobe, Japan, Abstract C5-A5, p. 82. (1990).
Rao, K. R. Insect Neural Messengers. Invited review of the book, "Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology 1989" (A.B. Borkovec and E. P. Masler, eds.). Bioscience, 41:110-112 (1991).
Rao, K. R., Mohrherr, C. J., S. L. Bonomelli, J. P. Riehm, and T. G. Kingan. Insect neuropeptides: influence on color change in insects and chromatophoral pigment movements in crustaceans. In "Insect Neuropeptides: Chemistry, Biology, and Action" (J. J. Menn, T. J. Kelly, and E. P. Masler, eds.), American Chemical Society Symposium Series, 453:110-122 (1991).
Rao, K.R. Crustacean neuropeptide hormones: chemistry, structure-function relationships, and immunodetection. In "Bioactive Compounds from Marine Organisms" (M. F. Thompson, R. Sorojini, and R. Nagabhushanam, eds.), pp. 243-247, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., New Delhi (1991).
Rao, K.R., and J.P. Riehm. Structure-activity relations of crustacean neuropeptides. In "Frontiers in Shrimp Research" (P. DeLoach, W.J. Dougherty, M.A. Davidson, eds), pp. 107-123, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam (1991).Mohrherr, C.J., K.R. Rao, and J.P. Riehm. Characterization of a pigment-dispersing factor from the American cockroach. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 17: 276 (1991).
Nässel, D.R., S. Shiga, and K.R. Rao. A novel neuron type in the blowfly lamina reacting with antiserum against crustacean pigment dispersing hormone. In "Synapse, Transmission, Modulation" (N. Elsner and H. Penzlin, eds.), George Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, p. 398 (1991).
Homberg, U., S. Würden, H. Dircksen, and K.R. Rao. Comparative anatomy of pigment-dispersing hormone-immunoreactive neurons in the brain of orthopteroid insects. Cell Tissue Res., 266: 343-357 (1991).
Nässel, D.R., S. Shiga, E.M. Wikstrand, and K.R. Rao. Pigment dispersing hormone immunoreactive neurons and their relation to serotononergic neurons in the blowfly and cockroach visual system. Cell Tissue Res., 266: 511-523 (1991).
McCallum, M.L., K.R. Rao, J.P. Riehm, C.J. Mohrherr, and W.T. Morgan. Primary structure and relative potency of an analog of β-PDH (pigment-dispersing hormone) from the crayfish Procambarus clarkii. Pigment Cell Res., 4: 201-208 (1991).
Rao, K.R. Crustacean pigment-dispersing hormones: chemistry, distribution, and actions. Pigment Cell Res., Suppl. 2: 266 - 270 (1992).
Weis, J.S., A. Cristini, and K.R. Rao. Effects of pollutants on molting and regeneration in Crustacea. Am. Zool., 32: 495-500 (1992).
Rao, K.R., and J.P. Riehm. Pigment-dispersing hormones. In "Melanotropic Peptides," Annals of New York Acad. Sci., 680: 78-88 (1993).
Nässel, D.R., S. Shiga, C.J. Mohrherr, and K.R. Rao. Pigment-dispersing hormone-like peptide in the nervous system of the flies Phormia and Drosophila: Immunocytochemistry and partial characterization. J. Comp. Neurol., 331: 183-198 (1993).
Shiga S., K. R. Rao, and D. R. Nässel. Pigment-dispersing hormone immunoreactive neurons in the blowfly nervous system. Acta Biol. Hungarica, 44: 55-59 (1993).
Loeb, M. J., R. M. Wagner, D. B. Gelman, J. P. Kochansky, W. R. Lusby, C. W. Woods, and K. R. Rao. Testis ecdysiotropin: sequence and mode of action. In: Insect Neurochemistry and Neurophysiology 1993 (A. B. Borkovec and M. J. Loeb, eds.), CRC Press, pp. 277-280 (1994).
Mohrherr, C. J., K. Maruska, M. Raabe, J. P. Riehm, and K. R. Rao. Primary structure of a pigment-dispersing factor from the stick insect, Carausius morosus. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 20: 914 (1994).
Klein, J. M., C. J. Mohrherr, F. Sleutels, J. P. Riehm, and K. R. Rao. Molecular cloning of two pigment-dispersing hormone (PDH) precursors in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus reveals a novel member of the PDH neuropeptide family. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm., 205: 410-416 (1994).
Klein, J.M., C. J. Mohrherr, F. Sleutels, N. Jaenecke, J. P. Riehm and K. R. Rao. Cloning and expression of a red pigment concentrating hormone (RPCH) precursor mRNA in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. Pigment Cell Res., Suppl. 4: 33-34 (1995).
Klein, J. M., C. J. Mohrherr, F. Sleutels, N. Jaenecke, J. P. Riehm, and K. R. Rao. A highly conserved red pigment concentrating hormone precursor in the blue crab Callinectes Sapidus. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 212: 151-158 (1995).
Klein, J. M. and K. R. Rao. Molecular biology of pigment influencing peptides in arthropods: progress and perspectives. Pigment Cell Research, Suppl. 5: 66 (1996).
Davis, D. C., J. P. Riehm, R. Keller, K. R. Rao, and J. M. Klein. A pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) precursor in the lubber grasshopper Romalea microptera. Soc. Neurosci. Abst. 22: 1221 (1996).
Rao, K. R. and J. P. Riehm, Crustacean pigmentary-effector hormones: chemistry and functions. Amer. Zool., 39:86A (1999).
Rao, K. R. Crustacean Pigmentary-Effector hormones: Chemistry and Functions of RPCH, PDH, and Related Peptides. Amer. Zool., 41:364-379 (2001).
Yang, W. J. and K. R. Rao. Cloning of Precursors for Two MIH/VIH- Related Peptides in the Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Biochem. And Biophys. Res. Commun. 289:407-413 (2001).
Karouna-Renier, N. K., W.-J. Yang, and K. R. Rao. Cloning and characterization of a 70 kd heat shock cognate gene (HSC70) from two species of Chironomus. Insect Mol. Biol., 12: 19-26 (2003).
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